Content
History of espionage and intelligence services
* Intelligence agencies worldwide
* Legal aspects of cyber espionage
* Intelligence and espionage techniques
* Operational security (OPSEC)
* Attribution methods
* Critical infrastructures
* Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
* Hybrid warfare
* Social engineering
* Case studies: Stuxnet, SolarWinds, Pegasus, WannaCry, Crypto AG, Palantir, and others
* Threat intelligence
* Covert communication techniques
* Threats posed by artificial intelligence
* Drone operations
Learning objectives
Participants will be able to:
* Understand the historical development of espionage and cyber espionage.
* Explain the concept of hybrid warfare and the techniques used by intelligence services.
* Understand the legal frameworks and limitations related to cyber espionage.
* Identify and explain espionage techniques used by intelligence and security agencies.
* Attribute cyber attacks to specific actors and Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) groups.
* Understand which types of malware are commonly used in cyber espionage operations.
* Analyze cyber espionage threats using established frameworks and methodologies.
* Describe and assess well-known cyber espionage cases from recent history.
* Understand technical methods for covert communication.
Prerequisites
* Basic IT knowledge is expected.
* No specialized tools are required.
Teaching methods
The module includes many practical exercises, interactive discussions and hands-on analysis of real-world cyber espionage cases, allowing students to directly apply the concepts learned during the course.
Evaluation criteria
A hands-on challenge will be provided. Based on the number of findings and the quality of documentation, a score from 0 to 100 will be assigned.
Grading scale:
- Excellent: 90–100 points
- Good: 70–89 points
- Fair: 50–69 points
- Below 50: Fail